Water, Life, and Profit offers a holistic analysis of the people, economies, cultural symbolism, and material culture involved in the management, production, distribution, and consumption of drinking water in the urban context of Niamey, Niger. Paying particular attention to two key groups of people who provide water to most of Niamey’s residents - door-to-door water vendors, and those that sell water in one-half liter plastic bags (sachets) on the street or in small shops –, the authors offer new insights into how Niamey’s water economies affect gender, ethnicity, class, and spatial structure today.