this volume attempts to provide a new articulation of issues surrounding scientific realism, scientific rationality, the epistemology of non-classical physics, the type of revolutionary changes in the development of science, the naturalization of epistemology within frameworks of cognitive science and structural linguistics, models of the information technology revolution, and reconstructions of early modern logical systems. a common denominator of the authors positions is the rejection of the post-modern deconstruction of the global philosophical accounts of sciences cognitive structure and dynamics. the volume takes on a dual task: it deals with major perspectives on philosophy of science after the end of post-positivism, and it represents basic philosophical controversies in an eastern-european society after the end of state socialism.